Tear Height is a hidden attribute that determines how far above the ground tears travel. A greater tear height effectively increases range, and a high enough tear height can allow tears to fly over obstacles without spectral tears.
Tiny Planet greatly increases shot height, allowing tears to travel above obstacles.
Items that affect shot height
Passive Items
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Trinkets
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Template:Afterbirth In co-op, Long Baby will occasionally briefly increase range, shot speed, and tear height. Dark Baby will occasionally briefly increase all stats, including tear height.
Knockback
Knockback is a mechanic that determines how far an entity is pushed back by a certain force.
There are two kinds of knockback: directional and circular.
Directional Knockback
This knockback comes from Tears, most notably Isaac's. The knockback force is determined by the speed and direction of the tear, which itself is determined by Isaac's movement and stats. (Needs research and confirmation)
Directional knockback affects most enemies, including bosses (except for stationary ones like Pin or Round Worm). Items (both Trinkets and Pickups) cannot be moved by tears.
Items that affect directional knockback
Passive Items
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Knockback from tears provides minor crowd control for homing enemies like flies or Gapers, increasing the time it takes them to reach Isaac.
Be wary of the natural knockback from tears when trying to dodge charging enemies (like the smaller twin of Gemini, Gurglings, and Leeches): The tears can push them off-track and and towards the direction you are planning to escape to.
Circular Knockback
This knockback is a little shockwave that's emitted at a certain radius in all directions, most prominently from explosives, like Bombs.
Certain farts also create a (non-harmful) knockback. Some enemies, like the Fatty, can fart, and Isaac can also do so with the Butter Bean.
Pickups (including Chests) are affected by circular knockback; items, however, are not.